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| sensor |
SENSOR
Sensor
is a mechanical or electronic device, module, machine or sub system which is
used to sense, indicate detect or measure the physical quantity and record the
signal and give the result/output to the controller like ECU. Sensor consists
of diode, micro controller, and transceiver.
Many type of sensor used for measure or detect
the physical activity.
We
will discuss different type of sensor used in automobile like in car bus truck
train etc.
- Coolant temperature sensor
- Fuel
temperature sensor
- Boost pressure
sensor/ MAP sensor
- Ambient
temperature sensor
- ABS (Anti
lock braking system) sensor
- Accelerator
paddle position sensor
- Oil pressure
sensor
- Cam sensor
- Vehicle
speed sensor/pulse sensor
- Rail
pressure sensor
- Water level
indicator
- Fuel gauge
sensor
- Barometric
sensor
- Differential
pressure sensor/Delta sensor
- NOx
sensor(for BSIV & BSVI vehicle)
- Exhaust
temperature sensor
- Adblue level
sensor(for BSIV & BSVI vehicle)
- Engine speed
sensor/ crank sensor
- Gear
position sensor
- EGR valve
temperature sensor(for BSIV & BSVI vehicle)
These
all sensor work in vehicle if any one sensor will lost its communication to the
ECU or not working so some issue will be
create and signal will displayed on instrument cluster/ meter board. Or
indicate through sound which will set itself by the manufacturer.
We
will discuss about use of each sensor.
Coolant temperature sensor
Coolant
temperature sensor used to sense or measure the temperature of coolant and give
the output signal to the ECU (Electronic control unit). In vehicle coolant
temperature is located below the thermostat valve.
Fuel temperature sensor
Fuel
temperature sense or measure the fuel (diesel or petrol) temperature. Generally
temperature of fuel vary from 52C to 96C and ignition temperature vary between
200-230C this sensor located inside the fuel tank.
Boost pressure sensor/ MAP sensor
Boost
pressure sensor is used to measure the air pressure and temperature coming from
the air filter via turbocharger and inter-cooler and pass to the intake main
fold it is located at the top of intake manifold. Range of pressure measured by
boost pressure sensor /MAP sensor between 10KPa to 350KPa.
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| boost pressure sensor |
Ambient temperature sensor
Ambient
temperature sensor measure the atmospheric temperature inside the cabin. It is
located in front of bonnet cabin.
ABS (Anti lock braking system) sensor
ABS
sensor used for brake sense the wheel speed and position and give the output
signal to the controller.
Accelerator paddle position sensor
Accelerator
paddle position sensor sense the position of the accelerator pressed by driver.
It is mounted near the accelerator paddle.
Oil pressure sensor
This
sensor measures the temperature and pressure of the oil which is located near
the oil cooler.
Cam sensor
Cam
sensor located at cylinder head right side of the engine. Cam sensor indicate
the piston position by this sensor decide fuel injection will happen or not and
exhaust process. If any issue has come in cam sensor so many type of failure
may be happen in vehicle like starting issue, compression issue knocking
problem etc.
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| cam sensor |
V
Vehicle
speed sensor measure the speed of vehicle in Km/Hr and send the signal to ECU
which display on the instrument cluster/meter board meter is speedometer. It is
located at the top of flywheel housing.
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| Speed sensor |
Rail pressure sensor
Rail
pressure sensor is used for determine the pressure build up inside the rail.
Rail is a mechanical device used in BSIV & BSVI engine it is used for
pressurized the fuel it is made with high quality material capacity to create
pressure up to 3000bar. Sensor mounted at the end of rail.
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| Rail pressure sensor |
Water level indicator
It
is measure the amount of water in the water tank and also measure the amount of
water mixed in fuel. It is located near the water tank.
Fuel gauge sensor
It
is located inside the fuel tank and measure the amount of fuel. And indicate
the signal on instrument cluster/meter board.
Barometric sensor
It
is mounted inside the ECU control unit to measure the temperature and pressure
of that device.
Differential pressure sensor/Delta sensor
Differential pressure sensor measure two
different pressure and give the output signal to ECU this sensor used where
requires to measure two different pressure like venturimeter, DPF (diesel
particulate filter) used in BSVI engine etc. other name of this sensor is delta
sensor.
NOx sensor (for BSIV & BSVI vehicle)
NOx
sensor has been brought to measure the pollution quantity. Or can say that to
measure how much Nox converted into the N2 or O2 nitrogen and oxygen
respectively. In BSIV 3.5g/Kwh but in BSVI reduce from 3.5g/Kwh to 0.4g/Kwh.
When
exhaust gas has come from exhaust pipe to the exhaust muffler or catalytic
convertor then here Adblue (mixture of ammonia and water) spray through the
nozzle which is reduce the pollution this pollution measure by the Nox sensor.
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| NOx sensor |
Exhaust temperature sensor
Measure
the temperature of exhaust gad which has come from exhaust port of engine.
Sensor is located at the exhaust manifold temperature of this gas about 200℃.
Adblue level sensor (for BSIV & BSVI vehicle)
Adblue
level sensor measure the amount of Adblue (mixture of ammonia and water)
located inside the Adblue tank.
Engine speed sensor/crank sensor
Engine
speed sensor or crank sensor measure the speed of crank shaft. These components
send the information to the engine control module/ controller. And provide the
exact position of crank shaft.
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| crank sensor |
Gear position sensor
Indicate
the position of gear shifted by operator.
EGR valve temperature sensor (for BSIV & BSVI vehicle)
EGR
means (exhaust gas re-circulation) it is used to generate more power inside the
cylinder and reduce pollution. This is spring loaded type valve operated by the
temperature when the temperature reached about 80 to 90℃ then valve open and
suck 20% of exhaust gas and again transfer to the engine with fresh air.
Temperature sense by the equipment known as EGR valve sensor.
These
all sensor are used in modern technology to increase the life of system.
Now-a-days in every field without sensor nothing is happening. All sensor carry
at least 5 volt supply.
for download pdf please click given below link.
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